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With no serious bilateral escalation control mechanisms on the horizon, the United States and other third parties will remain critical to South Asian crisis stability.

It was the worst outbreak of direct military violence between the South Asian neighbors since the 1999 Kargil War.

The United States and other credible intermediaries must do more to de-escalate the dangerous crisis in South Asia between nuclear-armed India and Pakistan.

U.S. Firm Approved to Build Nuclear Reactors in India

Decades after India and Pakistan joined China in conducting nuclear tests and declaring themselves states with nuclear weapons, the region remains risk prone and there is little chance of engagement on nuclear issues.

Membership bids by the two southern Asian countries present a unique challenge for the world’s leading multilateral nuclear export control group.

Strategically, India has not been able to achieve what it desired, despite building a nuclear arsenal.

Indian Defense Minister Rajnath Singh said the new submarine, INS Arighaat, would “help in establishing strategic balance” in the region.   

China assumes the rotating leadership of the P5 process while states negotiate disarmament language for the Summit for the Future outcome document. A survey shows strong swing-state opposition to testing as the United States reviews nuclear requirements and renews a cooperation treaty with the United Kingdom.

The NPT preparatory committee meets in Geneva as states-parties discuss a path forward to the 2026 Review Conference. Kazakhstan announces a nuclear-weapons-free zones workshop. The United States continues with its ICBM modernization program.

As lawmakers urge President Biden to prioritize efforts to engage Russia and China in nuclear arms control talks, the administration updates nuclear weapons employment guidance and raises questions about China's NFU proposal.

Indian military officials said the Agni-Prime medium-range ballistic missile would strengthen Indian deterrence. 

The test of India’s first domestically produced missile carrying multiple warheads with independent targeting capability signals progress in advancing a nuclear deterrent against China.

Twenty-five years after their last nuclear weapons test, Indian decision-makers have yet to conclude that they have met the requisite minimum needed for deterrence.

Nongovernmental leaders in nuclear nonproliferation and disarmament, as well as high-level former government officials, scientists, and downwinders are calling on governments take urgent action to counter growing threats to the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty and the de facto global nuclear test moratorium.