Israel's strikes on Iran, beginning on June 13, 2025, include the targeting of nuclear facilities. This post lists key nuclear facilities in Iran, the activities conducted at each site, and the status of those facilities. It will be updated as events warrant.
Safeguards: As of June 16, IAEA inspectors remained present in Iran. IAEA Director General Rafael Mariano Grossi said on June 16 that inspections "will continue as soon as safety conditions allow." Grossi also announced that the IAEA's Incident and Emergency Center is monitoring Iran and is ready to respond in the event of a nuclear or radiological emergency.
Natanz: The Natanz facility houses two uranium enrichment complexes, the Pilot Fuel Enrichment Plant and the Fuel Enrichment Plant. Additionally, there is an underground facility under construction that could be intended for enrichment. Natanz was struck on June 13. The enrichment facilities at Natanz are under safeguards.
Pilot Fuel Enrichment Plant
- Enrichment Levels: 2 percent, 5 percent, 60 percent
- Centrifuges:
- 1 cascade of IR-4s (operational as of the May 31 IAEA report)
- 5 cascades of IR-6s ( 4 operational as of the May 31 IAEA report)
- 1 cascade of IR4 & IR6s (operational as of the May 31 IAEA report)
- 1 cascade of IR-2s (operational as of the May 31 IAEA report)
- Status: According to the IAEA, strikes on June 13 “destroyed the above-ground part of the Pilot Fuel Enrichment.” The strike resulted in a radiological release of alpha particles and chemical toxicity from the uranium hexafluoride gas, but these effects appear to be confined to the facility.
Fuel Enrichment Plant
- Enrichment Level: 5 percent
- Centrifuges:
- 36 cascades of IR-1s (all operational as of the May 31 IAEA report)
- 39 cascades of IR-2s (31 operational as of the May 31 IAEA report)
- 23 cascades of IR-4s (12 operational as of the May 3 IAEA report)
- 4 cascades of IR-6s (all operational as of the May 31 IAEA report)
- Status: The June 13 strikes on Natanz do not appear to have penetrated the Fuel Enrichment Plant. It is unclear if any centrifuges were damaged by power losses from the strikes.
Unnamed Underground Facility
- Purpose: Unclear, possibly the site intended for uranium enrichment that Iran referenced it would commence activities at following the IAEA Board censure on June 12.
- Status: Does not appear damaged by the June 13 strikes on Natanz.
Fordow Fuel Enrichment Facility: Fordow is a deeply buried enrichment facility near Qom. The site is under safeguards.
- Enrichment Level: 2 percent, 5 percent, 20 percent, 60 percent
- Centrifuges:
- 6 cascades of IR-1 (all operational as of May 31, IAEA report
- 10 cascades of IR-6s (7 operational as of May 31, IAEA report)
- Status: Fordow was not targeted in the initial strikes, but there were reports of strikes near the site in subsequent rounds of attacks. The IAEA stated on June 16 that there is no damage visible at Fordow.
Bushehr Reactor: Iran’s only operating nuclear power reactor is located at the Bushehr site. Russia’s state-run energy company Rosatom fuels the Bushehr reactor and is constructing additional units at the site. Any attack on Bushehr would risk widespread radiation. The reactor is under safeguards.
- Status: Not targeted by strikes
Tehran Research Reactor: The Tehran Research Reactor is used for producing medical isotopes. It runs on 20 percent fuel. The reactor is under safeguards.
- Status: Not targeted by strikes.
Esfahan: The Esfahan complex includes facilities that process natural uranium, fabricate fuel, and convert uranium into powder and metal. Esfahan was not targeted in the initial attacks but was attacked in a second round of strikes on June 13. Certain facilities at Esfahan are under safeguards. Iran periodically transfers enriched uranium to the site, some of which is converted to powder, and may store material at Esfahan in gas form.
- Status: According to the IAEA, the June 13 attack damaged the central chemical laboratory, the uranium conversion facility, the Tehran Research Reactor fuel fabrication facility, and the uranium metal processing facility. The agency has reported no increase in radiation levels outside of the site.
Arak: The Arak site includes an unfinished heavy-water reactor, referred to as the Arak Reactor or the Khondab reactor or the IR-40) that will be used for medical isotope production and a heavy-water production plant. The IAEA has access to the unfinished reactor, but not the heavy water production plant.
- Status: Does not appear to have been targeted & the IAEA reports no damage to the site.