U.S. and Soviet/Russian Strategic Nuclear Forces

START I was signed July 31, 1991, and entered into force on December 5, 1994. Under the treaty, the five parties—the United States, Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine—semi-annually exchange memorandum of understanding (MOU) data providing numbers, types and locations of accountable strategic nuclear weapons. The tables below compare the number of START-accountable deployed warheads declared in the initial September 1990 MOU with data from the July 1999 MOU, demonstrating the progress the parties have made in nuclear force reduction thus far.

For more information, contact Wade Boese.

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U.S. Strategic Forces:

Warheads by Delivery System¹

	September 1990	July 1999
ICBMs
MX	500	500
Minuteman III	1,500	1,950
Minuteman II	450	1
Total	2,450	2,451
SLBMs
Poseidon (C-3)	1,920	320
Trident I (C-4)	3,072	1,536
Trident II (D-5)	768	1,920
Total	5,760	3,776
Bombers
B-52 (ALCM)	1,968	1,430
B-52 (Non-ALCM)	290	47
B-1	95	91
B-2	0	20
Total	2,353	1,588
Total Warheads	10,563	7,815

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Soviet/Russian Strategic Forces:

Warheads by Delivery System¹

	September 19902	July 19993
ICBMs
SS-11	326	0
SS-13	40	0
SS-17	188	0
SS-18	3,080	1,800
SS-19	1,800	960
SS-24 (silo)	560	100
SS-24 (rail)	330	360
SS-25	288	360
SS-27 (silo)4	—	10
SS-27 (road)4	—	0
Total	6,612	3,590
SLBMs
SS-N-6	192	0
SS-N-8	280	128
SS-N-17	12	0
SS-N-18	672	624
SS-N-20	1,200	1,200
SS-N-23	448	448
Total	2,804	2,400
Bombers
Bear (ALCM)	672	504
Bear (Non-ALCM)	63	4
Blackjack	120	48
Total	855	556
Total Warheads	10,271	6,546

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Strategic Forces on Non-Russian Territory¹

	Belarus	Kazakhstan	Ukraine
ICBMs	0	0	400 (SS-24)
SLBMs	0	0	0
Bombers	0	0	192 (Bear) 136 (Blackjack)
Total	0	0	728

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NOTES

1. Warhead attributions are based on START I counting rules. This results in bombers having fewer warheads attributed to them than they actually carry. On the other hand, even though all nuclear warheads from Ukraine have been removed to Russia, they remain START-accountable until the delivery systems have been destroyed. [Back to Table 1 , 2 or 3]

2. Includes weapons in Belarus, Kazakhstan, Russia and Ukraine. [Back to Table]

3. Weapons in Russia only. [Back to Table]

4. Also known as the TOPOL-M or RS-12M Variant 2 ICBM. [Back to Table]

Sources: START I Memorandum of Understanding, July 1, 999; ACA.

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